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[Dunia] Kurang Mengunyah Otak Jadi Lebih Pandai

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Post time 10-3-2016 07:57 PM | Show all posts |Read mode
Less chewing made humans smarter


WASHINGTON, March 10, 2016:
A study in which people chewed on pieces of raw goat meat and vegetables smacked with a rock is shedding light on how changes long ago in the way our ancestors dined paved the way for physiological advances that helped make us who were are today.

Scientists yesterday said the advent of meat-eating combined with the use of simple tone tools to make food easier to consume meant that members of the human lineage about 2.5 million years ago all of a sudden had less need for chewing.

Without needing to spend much of the day chewing food as chimpanzees do, our ancestors underwent significant evolutionary changes, acquiring smaller teeth, jaws and chewing muscles while losing the snout possessed by their predecessors.

“Shortening the snout might have been beneficial for producing articulate speech, for having a more balanced head, especially useful when running, or perhaps for other reasons,” Harvard University evolutionary anthropologist Daniel Lieberman said.

The changes also may have enabled the development of larger brains in early human species like Homo erectus compared to earlier members of the human lineage like Australopithecus, who combined ape-like and human-like traits.

Meat compared to plants added a calorically dense food to the diet of these early humans as their brains and bodies got bigger.

The researchers conducted experiments measuring how much chewing effort was expended in eating the type of diet our ancestors are thought to have had. Cooking was not commonplace until roughly 500,000 years ago.

Study volunteers chewed on tough raw goat meat, selected to mimic wild game, and three root vegetables: beets, carrots and yams. Electrodes were placed on their faces to measure chewing activity.

Harvard evolutionary anthropologist Katherine Zink, the study’s lead author, said the amount of chewing declined markedly when the food was processed with the type of basic stone tools used at the time: slicing the meat into smaller pieces and pounding the vegetables six times.

The number of chews dropped by 17% and the chewing force by 20% while the volunteers were able to swallow meat bits that were about 41% smaller and thus more digestible.

Lieberman served as a test subject before the volunteers stepped in.

“I can tell you that eating raw goat is not pleasant. It’s a little on the gross side,” Lieberman said. “It’s really amazingly like chewing gum.”

Lieberman said unlike carnivores, whose teeth are tailor-made for slicing meat, human teeth are “really designed like mortars and pestles, for crushing.”
The research was published in the journal Nature.


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Post time 10-3-2016 09:47 PM | Show all posts
Itu macam ka
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 Author| Post time 10-3-2016 09:54 PM From the mobile phone | Show all posts
_______ replied at 10-3-2016 01:47 PM
Itu macam ka

Itu macam la jadi sokonglah pro ana ok
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Post time 10-3-2016 10:09 PM | Show all posts
abis tu sunnah nabi kunyah lama2 nak campak mana?   
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Post time 10-3-2016 10:24 PM From the mobile phone | Show all posts
jangan makan terlalu banyak la kan?
klu nak makan banyak jugak,jgn kunyah..tean je terus
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 Author| Post time 10-3-2016 10:36 PM From the mobile phone | Show all posts
Acong replied at 10-3-2016 02:09 PM
abis tu sunnah nabi kunyah lama2 nak campak mana?

Campak mulut ko.acom
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Post time 10-3-2016 10:59 PM | Show all posts
patutlah kebanyakan jaw orang afrika besar dan ber muscle sebab mereka suka mengunyah dan makan daging yang keras...tetapi kini selepas beberapa genarasi duduk di amerika dan eropah ...mereka semakin cerdik. Malah mereka kini ada yang lebih cerdik pandai dari American dan European.
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Post time 10-3-2016 11:15 PM From the mobile phone | Show all posts
Ye ke?
Yang aku pulak kalau banyak study, perut lapar....nak mengunyah je
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Post time 10-3-2016 11:34 PM | Show all posts
Acong replied at 10-3-2016 10:09 PM
abis tu sunnah nabi kunyah lama2 nak campak mana?

kunyah lama2 dgn makan byk xsama lah conggggggggg


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Post time 10-3-2016 11:35 PM | Show all posts
GhostWalking replied at 10-3-2016 09:54 PM
Itu macam la jadi sokonglah pro ana ok

Beres. Ana tiap pusingan undi ente
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Post time 12-3-2016 01:43 AM | Show all posts
HannahMontana replied at 10-3-2016 11:34 PM
kunyah lama2 dgn makan byk xsama lah conggggggggg

tang mana artikel tu kata makan banyak?  
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Post time 12-3-2016 01:44 AM | Show all posts

aku cirit kan dlm jamban saja ajaran agama2 palsu ni  
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Post time 12-3-2016 04:20 PM | Show all posts
Acong replied at 12-3-2016 01:43 AM
tang mana artikel tu kata makan banyak?

sebab xkata itu yg aku beritahu ko , kunyak lama2 dgn makan lama2 xsama conggggggggggg
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Post time 12-3-2016 04:21 PM | Show all posts
HannahMontana replied at 12-3-2016 04:20 PM
sebab xkata itu yg aku beritahu ko , kunyak lama2 dgn makan lama2 xsama conggggggggggg

smart lu....


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Post time 12-3-2016 04:24 PM | Show all posts

lu lama xonline mana pergi ?!!

xkan lu merajuk dgn gang sutun..
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Post time 12-3-2016 04:27 PM | Show all posts
HannahMontana replied at 12-3-2016 04:24 PM
lu lama xonline mana pergi ?!!

xkan lu merajuk dgn gang sutun..

geng sutun tgh cari bomoh nak mandrem wa online....



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Post time 12-3-2016 04:30 PM | Show all posts
lavamemfire replied at 12-3-2016 04:27 PM
geng sutun tgh cari bomoh nak mandrem wa online....

Bikin lu jatuh cinta keeeeeeeeeeeee
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Post time 12-3-2016 04:32 PM | Show all posts
HannahMontana replied at 12-3-2016 04:30 PM
Bikin lu jatuh cinta keeeeeeeeeeeee

  lu memang smart..

mati langkah dah wa reply...



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Post time 12-3-2016 04:36 PM | Show all posts
lavamemfire replied at 12-3-2016 04:32 PM
lu memang smart..

mati langkah dah wa reply...

muahahahhahahahah

good luck...!!!!!

lu ramai musuh dlm ini forum....


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Post time 12-3-2016 04:38 PM | Show all posts
HannahMontana replied at 12-3-2016 04:36 PM
muahahahhahahahah

good luck...!!!!!

tau..97%....tu belum masuk 100% mod angin dgn wa tuu..

total...98%..





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