Historical figures and legendary figures - as they looked really[size=0.9em]ANTHROPOLOGY • ARCHAEOLOGY • PORTRAIT • RECONSTRUCTION
[size=1.1em]Forensic facial reconstruction, or method of anthropological reconstruction image on the cranial base, the famous (and not only) historical characters - favorite activity anthropologists. Not so long ago, scientists presented their vision of the public appearance of Tutankhamun. The degree of compliance with the results of the reconstruction of the true face of heroes of the past is difficult to judge. Sometimes even the reconstruction of objects are not who they say they were received. But look at them is always interesting.Let's get acquainted with the already sunk into oblivion, but looking like living historical personages. [size=1.1em][size=1.1em]
 [size=1.1em]1. It is possible that looked so famous Nefertiti - the mother of King Tutankhamun.
[size=1.1em]In 2003, Egyptologist Joann Fletcher KV35YL mummy was identified as Nefertiti - "main wife" Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten XVIII dynasty. Then there was the reconstruction of its appearance. However, in 2010 as a result of DNA research revealed that the remains do not belong to Nefertiti, and the other the "second half" of Akhenaten, and in combination, and his sister. True, perhaps, she was the wife of another Pharaoh - Smenhkara. But Egyptologists agree that the remains belong to the mother of Tutankhamun.  [size=1.1em]2. British scientists using the virtual autopsy recreated the image of Tutankhamun - Pharaoh of XVIII dynasty of the New Kingdom, who ruled Egypt in 1332-1323 years BC.
[size=1.1em]Scientists believe that Tutankhamun suffered from genetic diseases, and malaria, which may have led to his early death: Pharaoh died at the age of 19 years. Half of the men living in Western Europe, are descendants of the Egyptian pharaohs and, in particular, relatives of Tutankhamen, scientists say. The common ancestor of the ruler of ancient Egypt and European men with haplogroup R1b1a2, lived in the Caucasus about 9.5 thousand years ago.Carriers "Pharaonic" haplogroup began migrating to Europe about 7000 years ago.  [size=1.1em]3. Paul - the largest figure in world history, one of the authors OF NEW Testament and one of the founders of Christianity.
[size=1.1em]St. Paul lived in 5-67 years of our era. Paul created numerous Christian communities in Asia Minor and the Balkans. In 2009, for the first time in the history of scientific study was conducted sarcophagus located under the altar of a Roman temple Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. In the sarcophagus were found bone fragments that have been research using carbon-14 experts, who did not know their origin. According to the results, they belong to a man who lived between the I and II centuries. This confirms the undisputed tradition that we are talking about the remains of the Apostle Paul.  [size=1.1em]4. King Richard III, reconstructed from the remains discovered in the autumn of 2012 under the car park in Leicester.
[size=1.1em]Richard III - the last of the male line Plantagenet on the English throne, with rules 1,483th by 1485. Recently, it was found that Richard III was killed on the battlefield, hurry up and losing his helmet. Before his death, the King of England received 11 wounds, and had nine hits to the head. The lack of wounds on the bones of the hands says that at the time of the death of the monarch was still in armor. Richard III was killed at the Battle of Bosworth, fighting the claimant to the throne - Henry Tudor (later King Henry VII).  [size=1.1em]5. Remains creator medieval heliocentric world view of Nicolaus Copernicus were found in the Cathedral of Frombork (modern Poland) in 2005. In Warsaw, Central Forensic Science Laboratory performed a computer reconstruction of the face.
[size=1.1em]In 2010, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry have been assigned names, and in 2011 approved the notation elements: Darmstadt, X-ray and Copernicium (or Copernicus), - with the numbers 110, 111 and 112, respectively. Initially, the 112th element, Copernicium, named after Nicolaus Copernicus suggested symbol Cp, then it was changed to Cn.  [size=1.1em]6. In 2008, the Scottish anthropologist Caroline Wilkinson (Caroline Wilkinson) has revolutionized the appearance of the great German composer of the XVIII century by Johann Sebastian Bach.
[size=1.1em]The remains of Bach were exhumed in 1894, and in 1908 the first sculptors tried to recreate his image, guided, however, well-known portrait of the composer. Critics of the early XX century were dissatisfied with this project: they claimed that the bust with the same success can represent, for example, by Handel.  [size=1.1em]7. Reconstruction of the face of William Shakespeare's death mask made with the English poet and playwright.
[size=1.1em]The hypothesis of infinite monkeys, which sooner or later will print work of art by William Shakespeare, was tested US programmer Jesse Anderson (Jesse Anderson). Program-monkey managed over the last month published a poem of Shakespeare's "Complaint love» (A Lover's Complaint). However, an attempt to test the hypothesis on live monkeys failed. In 2003, in a cage to the six monkeys in the zoo Peytonskom (UK) placed connected to the computer keyboard. Monkeys scored five pages of rambling text and a month later broken keyboard.  [size=1.1em]8. In 2007, Italian scientists from the University of Bologna have revolutionized the appearance of the great Italian poet abroad XIII and XIV centuries, Dante Alighieri.
[size=1.1em]Dante Alighieri, according to some scientists, could suffer from narcolepsy - a disease of the nervous system, accompanied by bouts of sleepiness and sudden sleep. These conclusions are based on the fact that in the "Divine Comedy" by Dante with great precision reproduced the symptoms of narcolepsy and cataplexy often goes with it, that is, the sudden loss of muscle tone.  [size=1.1em]9. Perhaps it looked like Henry IV - King of France, the leader of the Huguenots, who was killed a Catholic fanatic in 1610.
[size=1.1em]In 2010, forensic scientists, led by Philippe Charlier (Philippe Charlier) found that preserved mummified "head of Henry IV» is genuine. On its basis, in February 2013, these same scientists presented the reconstruction of the external appearance of the king.Nevertheless, in October 2013th another group of geneticists questioned the authenticity of the remains of the monarch of the Bourbon dynasty.  [size=1.1em]10. In 2009, it was reconstructed appearance of Arsinoe IV, and the victim's younger sister of Queen Cleopatra. Arsinoe's face recreated by the standards, removed from her skull, lost during the Second World War.
[size=1.1em]Arsinoe was killed in a 41-year BC. According to the Roman historian Josephus, it was executed in Ephesus on the orders of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, who perceived stepsister threat to his power.  [size=1.1em]11. Appearance of St. Nicholas was reconstructed according to the Italian professor of anatomy, obtained in 1950 during the restoration of the Basilica of St. Nicholas in Bari.
[size=1.1em]In Christianity, Nicholas of Myra is revered as a miracle worker and is the patron saint of sailors, merchants and children.
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Post time 29-12-2014 11:36 PM
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