BISMARK - THE BATTLESHIP LEGEND

arnabkiut

semalam aku tertengok kat National Geografic channel...pasal Bismark Jerman ni....Bismarck adalah kapal perang tentera jerman time perang dunia ke 2....kapal yang menjadi kebanggaan Hitler dan rakyat jerman..kecanggihannya melangkaui amerika time tu.....
Jerman yang kalah dalam Perang Dunia I harus menerima Perjanjian Versailles yang antara lain membatasi pembangunan angkatan bersenjatanya. Angkatan lautnya hanya menggunakan model Kapal Pra Dreadnought terdiri hanya 6 dari 8 kapal jelajah tua yang ringan, 12 dari 32 destroyer (kapal perusak) dan kapal torpedo (torpedo boats), tanpa kapal induk, battle cruiser dan kapal jelajah berat (heavy cruiser). Bila kapal-kapal yang disebutkan diatas berumur lebih dari 20 tahun, Jerman boleh mengganti namun tidak boleh melebihi 10.000 ton dengan persenjataan paling besar 11 inci. Kapal Cruiser tak lebih dari 6000 ton dengan persenjataan paling besar 6 inci. Untuk kapal destroyer tak melebihi 800 ton dan torpedo boats tak lebih dari 200 ton.
Apabila Hitler berkuasa sepenuhnya di Jerman, beliau secara sepihak tidak mengakui Perjanjian Versailles.

Pada Jun 1939 Hitler berhasil mencapai perjanjian dengan Inggris dimana Jerman diizinkan memiliki angkatan laut yang sama besarnya dengan angkatan laut Inggris. Kesempatan ini digunakan oleh Hitler secara diam-diam untuk membangun angkatan laut yang sangat besar kekuatannya dimana Laksamana Eirich Raeder ditunjuk merencanakan pembangunan Angkatan Laut Jerman yang memakan waktu 6 tahun yang dinamakan Z-Plan (rencana Z) sesuai dengan keinginan Jerman sendiri.

Rencana Z itu antara lain membangun kapal perang berukuran 56.000 ton iaitu Bismarck. berat kapal ni 35,560 mt. Full Load adalah 50,900 mt. Panjang 241.5 meters. Kapal ni dilengkapi meriam,penangkis pesawat, turpedo.

?  Upper belt:                             145 mm
?  Lower main belt                     : 320mm
?  Main turrets                           :130-360 mm
?  Upper deck                            :80-120 mm
?  Third armour deck                 : 220-350 mm
?  Conning tower                      :80-120 mm
?  Torpedo bulkhead                 :45mm
?  Protected length 1                :70 % ( 170 m)
?  PC/TC 2                                 :17/22


Bismarck bergerak selaju 29 knots dengan kapasiti minyak sebanyak 8294 tan metrik dengan jummlah anak kapal seramai 2,065 orang. Bismark jugak membawa pesawatnya sendiri 4 x Arado Ar 196 . Bismark karam selepas di bedil bertubi2 HMS Ark Royal oleh angkatan tentera Inggeris yang marah kerana Bismark telah memusnahkan kapal mereka HMS Hood. Namun begitu tentera jerman mendakwa merea sendiri yang meletupkan bismark kerana mereka tak rela bismark dihancurkan di tangan musuh mereka. kedua2 alasan ini mempunyai motif tersendiri. Inggeris ingin membaiki semula imej mereka yang tercalar akibat kemusanahan Hood manakala Jerman untuk menjaga ego dan kekuasaan mereka.
Bismark karam dan kini berada di lautan atlantik dengan kedalam lebih 15ribu kaki di dasar laut.

alphawolf

Armor arrangement Bismarck sebenarnya berdasarkan armor SMS Baden, battleship tercanggih Tentera Laut Imperial erman masa WW1...jadi agak ketinggalan zaman. Ketinggalan zaman pun, boleh tahan gak!

Bismarck karam hasil serangan battleship HMS King George V dengan HMS Rodney serta torpedo dari kruiser HMS Dorsetshire dan juga scuttling charges anak kapal Bismarck sendiri. Sebelum pertempuran dengan unit2 permukaan British, kemudi Bismarck telah dirosakkan oleh sebiji torpedo dari peswat Swordfish yang dilancarkan dari kapal induk HMS Ark Royal - yang menyebabkan Bismarck berpusing-pusing tanpa dapat menghampiri pantai Perancis.

arnabkiut

tq mod :clap:

alphawolf

Comparative tables between DKM Bismarck and her pursuers

DKM Bismarck

Displacement : 41,700t empty; 50,900t loaded
Dimensions : 251m x 36m x 10.2m
Armor : 4.7" - 13.8"
Armament : eight 380mm guns; twelve 150mm guns; sixteen 105mm AA guns; sixteen 37mm AA guns; twenty 20mm AA guns.
Propulsion : 3 geared turbines
Power o/p : 150,000hp; 30 knots on trials

HMS Hood

Displacement : 48,360t full load
Dimensions : 262.3m x 31.7m x 10.1m
Armor : 0.75" - 12"
Armament : eight 380mm guns; fourteen 102mm guns; 24 2-pounder pom-poms; 20 12.7mm AA MG; 5 AA rocket launchers; four 21' torpedo tubes
Propulsion : 4 geared turbines
Power o/p : 144,000hp; 31 knots

HMS King George V, HMS Prince Of Wales dan HMS Rodney...lepas2 ni...

earthfault

Bismarck looks like battleship Yamato, the largest ship in Japanese Imperial Army.

thamrong

DKM Bismarck



On the 14th February 1939 the hull of the Bismarck slid down the slipway of Blohm and Voss shipyard Hamburg, and at that time she was the largest Battleship afloat. Hitler was present and gleefully watched the treaty-smashing ship become a reality.

Under international law Battleships were not to exceed 35,000 tons, but Bismarck when completed weighed over 50,000 tons. This allowed the designers to make her armour incredibly thick and therefore create a very resilient ship. Forty percent of her weight was armoured plating and coupled with the traditional toughness of German ship design made her a very strong ship.

She was one sixth of a mile long and 120 feet wide, making her an incredibly good gun platform. Her main armament were eight 15 inch guns, which were equal or better than the majority of guns carried by British warships. Only the British Nelson class Battleships carrying 16 inch guns were better, but with a speed of only 23 knots at the very best they had little chance of engaging the 29-30 knot Bismarck.

It was primarily the German Naval command that wanted Bismarck to break out into the Atlantic. The reason for this was that their Sharnhost class Battle cruisers were no match for the escorting British 'R' class Battleships. But the Bismarck was more than capable of destroying almost any lone British convoy Capital ship, and if she was escorted by the two Sharnhost Battle cruisers and Hipper class Heavy cruisers no convoy would be safe. This was the thinking behind the operation the Bismarck was to carry out on her maiden voyage; it's name was 'Rhine'.

There were three major factors affecting the planning of operation Rhine. The first of which was that after the First World War the German fleet surrendered to the Royal Navy, and was humiliatingly scuttled at the British naval base in Scapa Flow. Due to this many German naval officers had vowed to fight to the bitter end rather than accept defeat. The second was that Admiral Lutjens, the man chosen to command the squadron, was seen by the sailors aboard the Bismarck to be a cold inflexible fatalist. He was recorded saying to friends that he did not think he would return from Operation Rhine. The final factor going against Operation Rhine was that both the Sharnhost and Gneisenau were unable to sail due to damage sustained while in port from British aircraft. All these factors combined did not bode well for the coming operation and were to contribute to the fate of Germany's great warship.

alphawolf

HMS King George V / HMS Prince Of Wales


Displacement : 43,786t loaded
Dimensions : 227.1m x 34.3m x 9.6m
Armor : 5.4" - 14.75"
Armament : ten 356mm guns; sixteen 133mm DP guns; 48 2-pounder pom-poms; one 40mm AA; eight 20mm AA guns.
Propulsion : 4 geared turbines
Power o/p : 111,600hp; 28 knots on trials
Nota : senjata AA diatas merujuk kepada weapons fit Prince Of Wales ketika ditenggelamkan pada Disember 1941.

arnabkiut

dasat2 gak org zaman dulu.....

earthfault

HMS Prince of Wales tu then karam kat Laut Cina Selatan.
Since dia salah satu kapal yang berjaya karamkan Bismark, so British hantar ke Asia Tenggara.
Masa tu dia dihantar untuk defend Tanah melayu & Singapore.
Kena bom bertalu2 dgn kapal terbang Jepun.
British terkejut giler (mengikut buku sejarah form 3 dulu).

Satu lagi kapal yang tenggelam kat situ HMS Repulse.
Boleh katakan dulu every year ex kelasi kapal yang selamat akan datang ke Malaysia ke tempat karamnya kapal2 tersebut untuk memberikan penghormatan pada rakan2 mereka yang terkorban.
Dulu I pernah tgk gambar kapal HMS Malaya.
HMS Malaya ni terlibat dalam WWI. Kapal ni tak berapa besar.
I tgk gambar masa pameran "The Greatest Day of Naval History" kat Glasgow few years back.
Memang dulu British akan namakan battleship diorang sempena nama tanah jajahan.

thamrong

Originally posted by earthfault at 14-4-2006 11:31 PM
HMS Prince of Wales tu then karam kat Laut Cina Selatan.
Since dia salah satu kapal yang berjaya karamkan Bismark, so British hantar ke Asia Tenggara.
Masa tu dia dihantar untuk defend Tanah mela ...

A Brief History of HMS Prince of Wales (Supplied by Frank Allen)




1st Jan 1937
Keel was laid at the Cammell Laird Ltd. shipyards in Birkenhead

3rd May 1939
The ship was launched by the Princess Royal

1940
A German bomb narrowly missed the ship and exploded alongside...light damage was sustained and minor flooding occurred.

31st March 1941
Considered officially complete.

April- late May 1941
Underwent "shake-down" cruises, crew underwent intensive training.

21-27 May 1941
Participated in the pursuit of German battleship Bismarck. Took part in one of the most famous naval battles of all time- the Battle of the Denmark Strait. During the battle Prince of Wales may have struck battleship Bismarck at least twice (though it is possible that Hood also may have done so). One of these hits was serious enough to end the German sortie. Prince of Wales suffered from grievous mechanical difficulties throughout the fight. She was also struck 7 times (4 from Bismarck, 3 from Prinz Eugen) during the battle...one hit being through the Compass Platform. This resulted in the deaths of 14 men. Prince of Wales exchanged fire with Bismarck again later, but no hits were scored by either side.

June-July 1941
Underwent repairs (defective machinery as well as damage received from Bismarck and Prinz Eugen) and further training.

August 1941
Transported Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill to Ship Harbour, Newfoundland. The purpose of the trip was to meet with American President Franklin D. Roosevelt and create the Atlantic Charter.

September 1941
Participated in "Operation Halberd." Along with battleships Nelson and Rodney as well as aircraft carrier Ark Royal, Prince of Wales escorted a merchant convoy from Gibraltar to Malta. Encountered Italian "resistance" along the way. During the process, Prince of Wales gunnery crews shot down 2 Italian aircraft and one British fighter.

25th October - 2nd December 1941
As part of "Force G," Prince of Wales travelled to Singapore. Stopped at Freetown, Sierra Leone, then Capetown, South Africa and Colombo, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) along the way. Arrived in Singapore on 2nd December 1941.

10th December 1941
"Force G" re-designated "Force Z." Sunk (along with battle cruiser HMS Repulse) by Japanese torpedo and bomber aircraft aircraft off Kuantan on the Malayan coast. The wreck is upside down at a depth of @ 36 fathoms. Out of a crew of 1612 men, 20 officers, 280 sailors and 27 marines were lost. Among the dead were Admiral Sir Tom Phillips, CinC of the Eastern Fleet, and Prince of Wales commanding officer, Capt John C. Leach.

[ Last edited by  thamrong at 15-4-2006 12:53 AM ]

Gemukkkkkkk

mod, nak tanya sikit.. pernah jugak baca satu artikel tentang bismarck ni masa kekecik dulu..

dalam artikel tu memang ada katakan tentang kemudi Bismarck dirosakkan torpedo pesawat Swordfish.. tapi dikatakan, itu adalah a stroke of luck yang tak disangka oleh pihak British sendiri.. itu pun, pihak British cuma sedar bila mereka perasan Bismarck dok berpusing-pusing dan tak mengejar mereka..

betul ke artikel tu?

alphawolf

Originally posted by Gemukkkkkkk at 15-4-2006 11:18
mod, nak tanya sikit.. pernah jugak baca satu artikel tentang bismarck ni masa kekecik dulu..

dalam artikel tu memang ada katakan tentang kemudi Bismarck dirosakkan torpedo pesawat Swordfish.. t ...

sort of la....torpedo yang memula kena main hull tapi x de apa sangat tapi torpedo terakhir hentam kawasan kemudi, dan masa tu Bismarck tengah berpusing2 elak torpedo terus jam! Memang lucky shot. Sampai kapten janjikan Iron Cross kat sape yang dapat betulkan balik kemudi tu....

alphawolf

Originally posted by earthfault at 14-4-2006 23:31
HMS Prince of Wales tu then karam kat Laut Cina Selatan.
Since dia salah satu kapal yang berjaya karamkan Bismark, so British hantar ke Asia Tenggara.
Masa tu dia dihantar untuk defend Tanah mela ...

HMS Malaya diberi nama HMS Malaya sebab itu 'hadiah' dari Raja-Raja Melayu.....setahu saya tiada vbattleship RN diberi nama jajahan mereka.....FYI, sisterships Malaya ialah Queen Elizabeth, Barham, Warspite dan Valiant

Gemukkkkkkk

terimakasih..

peret

info yg bess ... tahniah

alphawolf

HMS Rodney

Displacement : 33,950t / 38,000t
Dimensions : 216.5m x 32.3m x 10m
Armor : 6.32" - 16.24"
Armament : nine 406mm guns; twelve 152mm guns; eight 102mm AA; 48 2-pounder pom-poms; twenty 20mm AA guns.
Propulsion : 2 geared turbines
Power o/p : 45,000hp; 23.8 knots on trials

topeng perak

fuiyoo ... cukup smart ... kagum aku

peret

Originally posted by alphawolf at 18-4-2006 09:36 AM


HMS Malaya diberi nama HMS Malaya sebab itu 'hadiah' dari Raja-Raja Melayu.....setahu saya tiada vbattleship RN diberi nama jajahan mereka.....FYI, sisterships Malaya ialah Queen Elizabeth, Bar ...

HMS MALAYA



HMS Malaya was built by Armstrong Ship Builders,  and launched 18th March 1915. She took part in the Battle of Jutland. and sustained eight hits, and took eight weeks for repairs. During World War Two, she was in the Mediterranean during 1940 and took part in operations against the Italian Fleet. She was also involved in Convoy escort duties of the west African Coast. During these operation she was torpedoed by U-106 on the 20th March 1941. and her repairs were carried out in the USA. from July 1941 to the summer of 1943, she was involved again in Convoy protection on the UK to Malta and Cape Town. to UK, routes. She was scrapped at Faslane in Scotland on the 12th April 1948. and interesting note. the ships bell can be seen in the East India Club, London.

Compliment 1,124 to 1300 approx. Armament 8 15-inch Guns and 12 6-inch guns and 8 4-inch A.A Guns 16 2-pdr AA Guns and 1 aircraft. Speed 24 knots, Displacement 31,100 tons.

HMS Malaya, 1932.


HMS Malaya, July 1934.

sepaileman

aku pun tgk NG pasal bismark ni ari tuh...
tembakan turpedo dari swordfish tu adalah yg terakhir kemudian nasib terkena bahagian kemudi yg mmg nyata tak leh nak repair dah...
kalau ikut dlm NG mmg jerman sendiri letupkan kapal mereka nih...
walau pun terkena serangan bertubi-tubi body bismark ni masih mampu bertahan...cuma bahagian luar jer yg terjejas teruk...

soul

boleh kasik info pulak saper Bismarck masa WW1 ? biodata ker ?