Kisah Pasar Hamba Abdi Di Singapura Pada 1824.

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A Singapore Slave Market, 1824






Munshi Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir's account of a slave market in Singapore in 1824, extracted from "Hikayat Abdullah"

One day during the season when the Bugis come to Singapore I saw fifty or sixty slaves male and female being led by a Bugis man round the town; among them were old and young, some carrying babies, some sick. They were herded along by a Bugis driver, holding in his hand a cane with which he struck at them here, there and everywhere. I went up to the man and said "Of what races are these people?" and he pointed them out to me saying "This is a Mangarai family. Here's a man from Mandar." He added "If you go out into the harbour there is a boat which arrived yesterday carrying three or four hundred slaves." Feigning interest I asked: "What price are these, and what price are those?". He replied: "These are forty dollars and those thirty dollars each." Then I continued on my way.

The next morning early I went out in the harbour to have a look. When I reached the boat, I found it full of slaves, about three hundred men, women and children. Some of the women were heavy with child, that is to say their hour had almost come, and seeing them my heart was moved with compassion. Hundreds of Chinese came to make purchases while I stood watching this pitiful sight, seeing pregnant women gazing at me with tear-stained eyes. It brought tears to my eyes also when I thought "Who are their husbands?" and when ì saw the cruel way in which these slaves were treated. They were being handed rice in coconut shells and water in bamboo scoops just as one gives food to dogs. When I went down inside I saw many women, some mere girls, some adolescent and other already grown up. Some were fair, other dark. They were all shades of colour. There were some who did not understand Malay, with frizzy hair and black faces. Only their teeth showed white. They had fat stomachs and thick lips.

The man who owned these slaves behaved like a beast, shameless and without fear of Allah. The younger girls hung round him while he behaved in a manner which it would be improper for me to describe in this book. For anyone who wished to buy these slave-girls he would open their clothing with all manner of gestures of which I am ashamed to write. The slave dealers behaved in the most savage manner, devoid of any spark of feeling, for I noticed that when the little children of the slaves cried they kicked them head over heels and struck their mothers with a cane, raising ugly weals on their bodies. To the young girls, who were in great demand, they gave a piece of cloth to wear, but they paid no attention to the aged and the sick.

The greatest iniquity of all that I noticed was the selling of a woman to one man and of her child to another. The mother wept and the child screamed and screamed when she saw her mother being taken away. My feelings were so outraged by this scene that, had I been someone in authority, I would most certainly have punished the wicked man responsible for it. Furthermore those in charge of male slaves tied them round the waist like monkeys, one to each rope, made fast to the side of the boat. They relieved nature where they stood and the smell on the boat made one hold one's nose. The majority of the female slaves were Balinese and Bugis. They were bought up by men of all races, Chinese, Indians, Malays, who took them to wife and whose numerous progeny are here to the present day. There were also Malay boats bringing slaves from Siak. A great number of them came from the hinter-land of Siak, from Menangkabau and from Pekan Baharu. They were all being herded into Singapore, driven along the road and beaten with canes like goats being taken to market.

That is how slaves were sold in those days both in Malacca and in Singapore, like a cattle market. I went back to the town and told Mr. Raffles all about what I had seen. He replied 'That business will not last much longer for the English are going to put a stop to it. It is a wicked thing and many people have gone and made reports about it to Parliament in England demanding that the slave trade shall cease", and he added "It is not only here that this sinful business goes on. To England too boatloads are brought from other countries, and thousands of the black men are turned into slaves. Then they are put up like goods for sale in all the countries of Europe. If we live to be old we may yet see all the slaves gain their freedom and become like ourselves.

*        *        *

Slavery in Singapore existed up for another 20 years after this. The 1833 Slavery Abolition Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom abolished slavery throughout the British Empire, with the exceptions "of the Territories in the Possession of the East India Company," the "Island of Ceylon," and "the Island of Saint Helena"; the exceptions were eliminated in 1843. With the exception of the Straits Settlements, slavery continued to exist on the Malay Peninsula until the establishment of the Federated Malay States in the mid-1870s.

mrsLucky

kasihannya....benci tul orang yang memperdagangkan manusia..

achicha

pada zaman zaman tu..perdagagan hamba ini adalah perkara biasa kan

cowey

dlm islam hamba tu boleh kan..

tp skrg pemerdagangan manusia dlm konteks yg berbeza..

skymania

tgk jeh mcm dalam pelem ali baba n 40 penyamun tuh.. marjinah di beli dr pasar hamba..

haniryan

rupa2nya betul kisah jual beli hamba di nusantara seperti yg diceritakan oleh p ramlee

farhana008

ingatkan wujud dalam kisah p ramlee je

ajuDK

Good info

pinky_incognito

sedihnye ble pkir sampai skrg pon ade je lg jual hamba cume ikot peredaran zaman je

Dzulqarnain

Betul ke ni @nobito ???

nobito

Dzulqarnain posted on 15-6-2014 07:12 PM
Betul ke ni @nobito ???

Orang kelantan pon pernah diculik dan dijadikan hamba di istana Sulu.

Budaya bugis mereka akan langsaikan hutang segera...hutang saudara mara dia pon dia bayarkan...sbb maruah..x mahu dihambakan.

Dzulqarnain

nobito posted on 15-6-2014 07:20 PM
Orang kelantan pon pernah diculik dan dijadikan hamba di istana Sulu.

Sbb tu bugis akan langsai ...

Good point.

Sekarang pn ramai yg x sedar diri diperhambakan dek hutang.

nobito

Dzulqarnain posted on 15-6-2014 07:24 PM
Good point.

Sekarang pn ramai yg x sedar diri diperhambakan dek hutang.

Bila dh keje baru aku nampak gak sistem perhambaan zaman moden.

Pekerja bawahan dimaki hamun, dipukul dimarah seperti org yg x da perasaan hanya kerana salah yg kecil...dibuli lagi dgn beban kerja yg byk diluar kemampun tanpa ada masa rehat dan bersama keluarga...

Bila ditanya pada mereka kenapa x mencari peluang kerja yg lebih baik...jawapan mereka ' hutang byk nak kena langsai dan kos hidup semakin meningkat..saya ada byk tanggungan utk diberi makan dan sekolah'...

nobito

Orang akan ambil kesempatan dr kesusahan dan kesenangan org lain....jadi cari la kawan yg jujur dlm hidup...

Pepatah bugis ada menyebut...kenapa engkau merantau keluar dr kg mu...adakah kg mu tiada pasar....kg ku ada pasar tapi yg ku cari orang orang yg berbudi bahasa.

liyamariska

kesian pd sesiapa yg menjadi mangsa perdagangan hamba pd masa itu...

garyura

hamba zaman dulu ni selalunya org yg menanggung hutang...mcm muflis zaman dulu la...kalau zaman sekarang org muflis siap harta berjuta dlm akaun anak bini

Dzulqarnain

nobito posted on 15-6-2014 07:36 PM
Bila dh keje baru aku nampak gak sistem perhambaan zaman moden.

Pekerja bawahan dimaki hamun, d ...

Kalu diperluaskan sket pandangan sarwa terhdp pasaran moden
jurang yg plg jauh tu dlm pembinaan gedung2 tinggi melangut
i.e. di antara ketuanan petrodollar dgn warga negara dunia ke-4 yg merempat

Dan utk elak cemeti hitamnya drpd dilihat umum maka, dibuat pemutihan...
dan langsung hilang cemetinya bila wujud hitam-putih i.e. kontrak.


Mcm cerita Samsara slps Baraka - Ratu yg jaga koloni sarangnya
bila buruh berkarat buat kesatuan, teknokrat gantikan dgn robot2
- terus perhambaan mereput...

Byk sungguh bentuknya

aks_berhad

cowey posted on 15-6-2014 11:59 AM
dlm islam hamba tu boleh kan..

tp skrg pemerdagangan manusia dlm konteks yg berbeza..

kalo konsep manusia ke manusia tak boleh. manusia hanya hamba kepada Allah..cuma masa islam sedang berkembang di tanah arab, amalan penghambaan manusia-manusia ni masih lg berleluasa.

cowey

aks_berhad posted on 16-6-2014 01:54 AM
kalo konsep manusia ke manusia tak boleh. manusia hanya hamba kepada Allah..cuma masa islam sedang ...

aku tak de la pandai sgt..

tp nie ape yg aku penah bace..

HAMBASAHAYASistem perhambaan telah lama wujud sebelum kedatangan Islam lagi. Kerajaan besar dari Dynasty Cina hingga ke Kerajaan Rom semua mempraktikkan sistem perhambaan. Begitu juga dengan masyarakat Arab jahilillah juga mempunya perhambaan yang telah sebati dengan jiwa raga masyarakat itu sejak beratus tahun. Kaum Nabi Musa as. iaitu Bani Israel juga merupakan golongan hamba kepada Fir'aun. Maka apabila Islam datang, sistem perhambaan ini tidak dihapuskan malahan ia telah diterima dan diterap ke dalam sistem perundangan Islam sendiri.

Hukum bagi hamba adalah seperti berikut:-

1) Hamba adalah hak mutlak tuannya.
Hamba boleh dijual, dibeli, dihadiahkan kepada orang lain atau dimerdekakan mengikut kehendak tuannya.

2) Seorang hamba perempuan boleh diperisterikan tanpa sebarang pernikahan.
Menurut beberapa riwayat, Nabi Muhammad saw mempunyai seorang isteri yang bernama Maria al-Qibtiyyah yang merupakan seorang hamba yang dihadiahkan kepada baginda oleh kuasa Mesir pada masa itu. Dari Maria ini lahir anak Nabi saw yang diberi nama Ibrahim. Tetapi anak itu meninggal ketika berusia beberapa bulan sahaja.

3) Jika tidak dimerdekakan, kesemua keturunan hamba itu akan menjadi hamba juga kepada tuannya.
Jika hamba perempuan yang diperisterikan melahirkan anak perempuan, maka anak itu juga akan menjadi hamba kepada bapanya dan boleh diperisterikan juga seperti ibunya.

4) Tuan akan mewarisi segala harta pusaka si hamba jika hamba itu meninggal dunia.
Hamba tidak boleh mewarisi harta tuannya.

Mengapa Islam tidak menghapuskan perhambaan?

Sebab utama ialah kerana sistem perhambaan telah menjadi sebati dengan jiwa masyarakat Arab masa itu. Ia adalah amalan turun-temurun yang telah beratus tahun lamanya. Untuk menghapuskannya sudah tentu akan mendapat tentangan yang hebat dari mereka. Sedang Islam baru sahaja mula bertapak. Islam lebih mengutama ajaran mengesakan ALLAH swt dan menerima perhambaan supaya masyarakat itu senang menerima ajaran Islam.

Bagaimana perhambaan terhapus?

Walaupun Islam tidak mengharamkan atau menghapuskan perhambaan secara langsung, Islam sangat menggalakkan pembebasan hamba sebagai satu amal ibadah yang tinggi ganjarannya. Sayidana Abu Bakr telah membebaskan Bilal dengan harga yang sangat tinggi. Selain itu banyak hukum bagi menebus sesuatu kesalahan adalah dengan membebaskan hamba. Lama kelamaan, semakin ramai hamba yang dibebaskan. Dan semakin Islam tersebar luas di seluruh dunia, banyaklah hamba-hamba diluar masyarakat Arab juga turut terbebas dari belenggu perhambaan. Maka akhirnya, sistem perhambaan itu terhapus dengan cara semual jadi tanpa banyak tentangan.

Dengan terhapuskan sistem ini, maka pada hari ini semua hukum hakam mengenai hamba sudah dimansukhkan dan tidak boleh lagi diamalkan walaupun hukum itu masih boleh dibaca dalam al-Quran.

Artemesiaa

Zaman sekarang ni pun apa kurangnya dulu system hamba sekarang perdagangan manusia.