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Pharmacokinetics Could Save Maria Sharapova
While former tennis star Chris Evert has said that tennis player Maria Sharapova has no friends on the tennis tour, having “isolated herself,” from other players, pharmacokinetics could end up being Sharapova’s best friend. Who or what exactly is pharmacokinetics? (No, it’s not some type of alternative rock group.) |
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Well, as you may know, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) found a sample that Sharapova provided on January 26, 2016, at the Australian Open to be positive for meldonium. On January 1, 2016, meldonium became a banned substance, deemed a performance enhancing drug (PED). The rationale is that meldonium (sold under the brand name midronate) can increase endurance and exercise tolerance and speed recovery by improving blood flow and acting on the central nervous system. The positive test then led to Sharapova, one of the world’s highest earning athletes, being provisionally banned from the professional tennis tour. The length of the ban remains to be determined. This ABC News report shows what happened: |
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On May 18, a one or two day hearing will commence in London, allowing Sharapova to plead for a lesser punishment. So what may Sharapova’s main argument be and what could get Sharapova off the hook? Pharmacokinetics. |
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The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for half of the dose of a drug to no longer have an effect of the body, because the drug is broken down into inactive parts or has left the part of the body where it has an effect. Therefore, if the half-life of a drug is 4 hours, and you take 500 mg of the drug at noon, by 4 pm, only 250 mg will still be active in your body. |
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The argument that Sharapova’s team may present is that the drug remained in her system from taking it before the ban of meldonium went into effect. If she had taken her last dose December 31, 2015, then the drug test would have occurred 26 to 27 days later. Whether meldonium could have been detected in her testing sample that late depends both on the pharmacokinetics of meldonium and the sensitivity of the test (i.e., how well the test picks up a particular substance when the substance is present). |
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Therefore, the Sharapova case may help determine how WADA and other regulatory bodies handle testing for substances when they first move on to the banned list. Should there be a grace period after a substance has been banned based on the substance’s pharmacokinetics? In other words, once a substance is officially banned, perhaps athletes can test positive without facing penalties for a length of time determined by studies that show how long a drug can stay in the body? Did WADA anticipate that a case like this may happen and thoroughly study the pharmacokinetics of meldonium before declaring it a PED? When an athletes sees that a formerly allowed substance is newly banned, should they inform WADA about possible pharmacokinetic issues that may lead to a positive test? Unless pharmacokinetics help shape anti-doping testing and policies, more and more such disputes may occur in the future. |
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Thus, Sharapova may have an opening for a comeback, which could potentially occur at Wimbledon. Regardless of the outcome of the appeal, athletes, WADA, and other sports officials may pay more attention to pharmacokinetics in the future. |
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itt would b amazing 2 see her at wimbledon |
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comel jekk gifs nie...
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bersabar menunggu mcmm nie
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best case scenario ni nanti Masha boleh main kat Wimbledon (like a miracle gituh)
realistically Masha boleh lwn balik 2017 la i rasa.. coz meldonium dlm sistem badan Masha tinggi.. takleh argue kata tu traces from 2015.
apapun kita tunggu dan lihat... kalau masha dpt lawan masa Wimbledon then it's good... coz tennis lebih meriah.
kalau kena sampai 1 thn then i tak terkejut la..
mashafans, be strong OK..
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sampai lupa dah kes Masha ni..sebab mcm lama sangat,result tak keluar keluar |
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jgn plak nanti nak keluar result tup2 ada bomb scare so kena postpone announcement 
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haha..bomb scare..Man Utd kantoi big time
total cover up..even budak tadika pun tau real bomb smlm.
layan jelah kelentong MU tu
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RG women's entry list (minor changes could happen if there is any withdrawal).. so Masha mmg konpom takde tahun ni.
Women's entry list @ April 14, 2016:
1 - Serena Williams
2 - Agnieszka Radwanska
3 - Angelique Kerber
4 - Garbiñe Muguruza
5 - Victoria Azarenka
6 - Simona Halep
7 - Petra Kvitova
8 - Roberta Vinci
9 - Belinda Bencic
10 - Carla Suarez Navarro
11 - Svetlana Kuznetsova
12 - Venus Williams
13 - Lucie Safarova
14 - Elina Svitolina
15 - Timea Bacsinszky
16 - Karolina Pliskova
17 - Ana Ivanovic
18 - Sara Errani
19 - Sloane Stephens
20 - Johanna Konta
21 - Jelena Jankovic
22 - Caroline Wozniacki
23 - Madison Keys
24 - Samantha Stosur
25 - Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova
26 - Kristina Mladenovic
27 - Ekaterina Makarova
28 - Andrea Petkovic
29 - Monica Niculescu
30 - Daria Kasatkina
31 - Barbora Strycova
32 - Anna Karolina Schmiedlova
33 - Irina-Camelia Begu
34 - Coco Vandeweghe
35 - Jelena Ostapenko
36 - Dominika Cibulkova
37 - Daria Gavrilova
38 - Timea Babos
39 - Annika Beck
40 - Yanina Wickmayer
41 - Lesia Tsurenko
42 - Misaki Doi
43 - Caroline Garcia
44 - Eugenie Bouchard
45 - Margarita Gasparyan
46 - Alize Cornet
47 - Camila Giorgi
48 - Sabine Lisicki
49 - Elena Vesnina
50 - Anna-Lena Friedsam
51 - Yulia Putintseva
52 - Madison Brengle
53 - Teliana Pereira
54 - Heather Watson
55 - Christina Mchale
56 - Monica Puig
57 - Laura Robson (protected ranking)
58 - Julia Goerges
59 - Kirsten Flipkens
60 - Denisa Allertova
61 - Danka Kovinic
62 - Shuai Zhang
63 - SaiSai Zheng
64 - Galina Voskoboeva (protected ranking)
65 - Varvara Lepchenko
66 - Nao Hibino
67 - Kateryna Bondarenko
68 - Mona Barthel
69 - Johanna Larsson
70 - Alison Van Uytvanck
71 - Laura Siegemund
72 - Yaroslava Shvedova
73 - Nicole Gibbs
74 - Karin Knapp
75 - Magdalena Rybarikova
76 - Mirjana Lucic-BaronI
77 - Ana Konjuh
78 - Anett Kontaveit
79 - Naomi Broady
80 - Su-Wei Hsieh
81 - Mariana Duque-Mariño
82 - Carina Witthoeft
83 - Kristyna Pliskova
84 - Bethanie Mattek-Sands
85 - Kurumi Nara
86 - Lara Arruabarrena
87 - Zarina Diyas
88 - Qiang Wang
89 - Anastasija Sevastova
90 - Francesca Schiavone
91 - Alison Riske
92 - Vitalia Diatchenko (protected ranking)
93 - Irina Falconi
94 - Polona Hercog
95 - Naomi Osaka
96 - Donna Vekic
97 - Kiki Bertens
98 - Alexandra Dulgheru
99 - Tsvetana Pironkova
100 - Olga Govortsova
101 - Aliaksandra Sasnovich
102 - Pauline Parmentier
103 - Bojana Jovanovski
104 - Magda Linette
105 - Samantha Crawford
106 - Tatjana Maria
107 - Lourdes Dominguez Lino
108 - Shelby Rogers
Read more at http://www.rolandgarros.com/en_F ... d50oJRrXjCuPe0Wd.99 |
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Men's acceptance list
1 - Novak Djokovic
2 - Andy Murray
3 - Roger Federer
4 - Stan Wawrinka
5 - Rafael Nadal
6 - Kei Nishikori
7 - Tomas Berdych
8 - David Ferrer
9 - Jo-Wilfried Tsonga
10 - Richard Gasquet
11 - Marin Cilic
12 - Milos Raonic
13 - David Goffin
14 - Dominic Thiem
15 - John Isner
16 - Gael Monfils
17 - Roberto Bautista Agut
18 - Gilles Simon
19 - Kevin Anderson
20 - Nick Kyrgios
21 - Bernard Tomic
22 - Benoit Paire
23 - Feliciano Lopez
24 - Viktor Troicki
25 - Pablo Cuevas
26 - Grigor Dimitrov
27 - Jack Sock
28 - Philipp Kohlschreiber
29 - Alexandr Dolgopolov
30 - Ivo Karlovic
31 - Fabio Fognini
32 - Steve Johnson
33 - Jeremy Chardy
34 - Joao Sousa
35 - Florian Mayer
36 - Thomaz Bellucci
37 - Federico Delbonis
38 - Martin Klizan
39 - Guillermo Garcia-Lopez
40 - Sam Querrey
41 - Janko Tipsarevic
42 - Marcos Baghdatis
43 - Andreas Seppi
44 - Borna Coric
45 - Gilles Muller
46 - Vasek Pospisil
47 - Leonardo Mayer
48 - Andrey Kuznetsov
49 - Guido Pella
50 - Nicolas Mahut
51 - Albert Ramos-Vinolas
52 - Pablo Carreno Busta
53 - Teymuraz Gabashvili
54 - Paolo Lorenzi
55 - Alexander Zverev
56 - Jiri Vesely
57 - Inigo Cervantes
58 - Brian Baker
59 - Rajeev Ram
60 - Paul-Henri Mathieu
61 - Denis Kudla
62 - Aljaz Bedene
63 - Lukas Rosol
64 - Robin Haase
65 - John Millman
66 - Nicolas Almagro
67 - Dusan Lajovic
68 - Evgeny Donskoy
69 - Marcel Granollers
70 - Victor Estrella Burgos
71 - Taylor Fritz
72 - Illya Marchenko
73 - Hyeon Chung
74 - Denis Istomin
75 - Adrian Mannarino
76 - Malek Jaziri
77 - Dudi Sela
78 - Ivan Dodig
79 – Mikhail Youzhny
80 - Ernests Gulbis
81 - Sam Groth
82- Ricardas Berankis
83 - Lucas Pouille
84 - Donald Young
85 - Simone Bolelli
86 - Mikhail Kukushkin
87 - Juan Monaco
88 - Diego Schwartzman
89 - Fernando Verdasco
90 - Facundo Bagnis
91 - Dmitry Tursunov
92 - Taro Daniel
93 - Santiago Giraldo
94 - Kyle Edmund
95 - Horacio Zeballos
96 - Benjamin Becker
97 - Pierre-Hugues Herbert
98 - Daniel Munoz de la Nava
99 - Yen-Hsun Lu
100 - Marco Cecchinato
101 - Damir Dzumhur
102 - Rogerio Dutra Silva
103 - Thiemo De Bakker
104 - Albert Montanes
Read more at http://www.rolandgarros.com/en_F ... pgdQo3zl8pvQ2Qmy.99
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hahahaa
agk2 united leh tibaii bournemouth
19-0 x?
tendang city kebawahh
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alaaa masha xder kerr?
ank buah i yg umur 7
thn pon pnd tanya masha
xmain kerr?
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Jawablah Masha tadok.... Masha busy.. |
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Post time 16-5-2016 11:56 AM
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