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Pakar Fizik Dunia, Stephen Hawking Meninggal Dunia

14-3-2018 04:10 PM| Diterbitkan: CARI-MRO| Dilihat: 5785| Komen: 47

Description: Stephen Hawking, saintis terkenal Britain meninggal dunia pada Rabu di usianya 76 tahun.

Stephen Hawking, saintis terkenal Britain meninggal dunia pada Rabu di usianya 76 tahun.

Dalam satu kenyataan oleh agensi berita Press Association di Britain, anak Hawking iaitu Lucy, Robert, dan Tim berkata,

"Kami amat berdukacita di atas pemergian bapa kesayangan hari ini.

"Beliau merupakan seorang saintis yang hebat dan seorang lelaki luar biasa."

Foto: Semana.com

"Keberanian dan kesungguhan beliau dengan kebijaksanaan dan humornya memberi inspirasi kepada orang ramai di seluruh dunia,

"Beliau pernah berkata, alam semesta tidak akan bermakna sekiranya ia bukan rumah kepada orang yang kita sayangi. Kami akan merindunya selama-lamanya."

Hawking didiagnos menghidap Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) pada tahun 1963 ketika berusia 21 tahun.

Menurut laporan Astro Awani, mereka yang menghidap penyakit ini hanya mampu bertahan selama dua hingga 5 tahun.

Namun Stephen Hawking mampu bertahan selama 55 tahun sebelum menghembuskan nafas terakhir. -CARI

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Quote sinalegna 14-3-2018 01:22 PM: Innalillah..

Quote alesandra 14-3-2018 01:25 PM: may your soul rest in peace....

Quote cmf_premierleag 14-3-2018 01:27 PM: Semoga rohnya dicucuri rahmat

Quote dcruins 14-3-2018 01:44 PM: Dia dah boleh start tanya dah, siapa yg piii tutup suis On/Off dia ni, tuhan ke atau Mother Nature, atau ada AI yg control butang nyawa dia....

Quote sepiITUindah 14-3-2018 01:47 PM: dcruins replied at 14-3-2018 01:44 PM
Dia dah boleh start tanya dah, siapa yg piii tutup suis On/Off dia ni, tuhan ke atau Mother Nature, ...

dan dia dah dapat jawapantapi terlambat

Quote dodolgemok 14-3-2018 01:48 PM: Takziah, satu kehilangan buat dunia sains.

Quote mystica 14-3-2018 01:50 PM: so sad... takziah.

Quote tanakkampung1x 14-3-2018 01:55 PM: RIP

Walaupun saya rasa kajian black hole beliau overrated

Quote tanakkampung1x 14-3-2018 01:57 PM: 10 MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF STEPHEN HAWKING

#1 Along with Roger Penrose, he did ground-breaking work on singularities
Roger PenroseRoger Penrose
A gravitational singularity is a one-dimensional point which contains infinite mass in an infinitely small space. In a singularity, gravity becomes infinite, space-time curves infinitely and the laws of physics as we know them cease to exist. Along with English mathematical physicist Roger Penrose, Stephan Hawking did path-breaking work on singularities which proved their existence and theorized that the universe might have begun as a singularity. Their Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems attempt to answer when gravitation produces singularities.

#2 Hawking co-discovered the four laws of black hole mechanics
With James Bardeen and Brandon Carter, Stephan Hawking discovered the four laws of black hole mechanics. These laws are physical properties that black holes are believed to satisfy and are analogous to the laws of thermodynamics. In January 1971, his essay titled “Black Holes” won the prestigious Gravity Research Foundation Award.

#3 His most significant theory is that black holes emit the Hawking radiation
Previously physicists believed nothing could escape a black hole. In 1974, Stephan Hawking showed that black holes emit radiation, which may continue till they exhaust their energy and evaporate. Stephen’s prediction of what became known as the Hawking radiation initially created a controversy but on further research was considered an important breakthrough in theoretical physics.

#4 He contributed to the theory of cosmic inflation
Introduced by Alan Guth in 1980, cosmic inflation is a theory in physical cosmology which proposes that following the Big Bang, the universe expanded exponentially before settling down to slower expansion. It is now widely accepted. Stephen Hawking was one of the first to calculate quantum fluctuations that were created during cosmic inflation and to show how they might give rise to the spread of galaxies in the universe.

#5 Along with James Hartle, he proposed an important model on universe’s initial state
Along with James Hartle, Stephen Hawking published a model known as the Hartle–Hawking state in 1983. It proposed that time didn’t exist before the Big Bang and hence the concept of the beginning of the universe is meaningless. The Hartle–Hawking state universe has no beginning as it has no initial boundaries in time or space. It remains one of the most prominent theories on the initial state of the universe.

#6 With Thomas Hertog, he proposed a theory of “top-down cosmology”
In 2006, Stephen Hawking, along with Thomas Hertog of CERN, proposed a theory of “top-down cosmology”. It proposed that the universe had not one unique initial state but consisted of a superposition of many possible initial conditions. Thus as we don’t know the initial conditions at the beginning of the universe, we can’t have a bottom-up model. This leaves the possibility of only a top-down approach as we know the final state of the universe – the one we are in now. The theory became popular as it fits in with the well-known string theory.

#7 Hawking wrote the famous book A Brief History of Time
A Brief History of Time by Stephen HawkingCover of A Brief History of Time
In 1988, Hawking’s book A Brief History of Time was published. In it he explains a range of subjects in cosmology, including the big bang, black holes and light cones. The book was written in a non-technical language to clearly express his ideas to an average reader. A Brief History of Time became a bestseller and sold more than 10 million copies in 20 years. It appeared on the British Sunday Times best-seller list for a record-breaking 237 weeks. It also enhanced Hawking’s international reputation and media described him as “Master of the Universe”.

#8 He also authored several other popular books
After A Brief History of Time, several other works by Hawking were published which went on to be quite popular including Black Holes and Baby Universes and Other Essays (1993), The Universe in a Nutshell (2001), On The Shoulders of Giants (2002), and God Created the Integers: The Mathematical Breakthroughs That Changed History (2005). He also co-authored a series of children fiction novels with his daughter Lucy Hawking.

#9 He received numerous awards including the Gold Medal of the RAS
In 1974, a few weeks after the announcement of the Hawking radiation, Stephan Hawking became one of the youngest persons to be elected to the Royal Society of London. In 1982 he was made Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) by the Queen. In 1985 he was given the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS), the highest award given by the RAS. In 1987 he was awarded the Paul Dirac Medal by the Institute of Physics for his outstanding contributions to theoretical physics. In 1988, Hawking and Penrose were given the Wolf Prize, a prestigious international award granted in Israel.

#10 Hawking ranked as one of the 100 Greatest Britons in a BBC poll
In a 2002 poll conducted by BBC in the United Kingdom to determine whom the public considered as the greatest British people in history, Stephen Hawking ranked 25. In 2006, he was awarded the Copley Medal from the Royal Society. In 2009 US President Barack Obama presented him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award of the United States. In 2013, Stephen Hawking was awarded the Russian Special Fundamental Physics Prize, which has been dubbed by the media as the ‘XXI Century Nobel’.

Quote gummygummy 14-3-2018 02:02 PM: RIP Mr scientist

Quote spankee_fili 14-3-2018 02:22 PM: RIP.. teringat big bang theory pulak..

Quote epis 14-3-2018 02:25 PM: semoga kajian beliau dapat memberi manfaat pada ummah sejagat..

Quote SWORKS27 14-3-2018 02:30 PM: dari Allah beliau datang..kepada Allah jua beliau kembali....

Quote Artemesiaa 14-3-2018 02:39 PM: Takziah buat keluarga beliau

Quote renko 14-3-2018 02:48 PM: cuba tengok komen kat fb
ramai lobai perasan bagus bag hukum n fatwa

Quote dcruins 14-3-2018 02:54 PM: Ucapan RIP pun Hawking peduli apa kata netizen2 kat social media barat, dia anggap macam Off & On electric switch jerrr nyawa ni semua, gang2 Hawking lagi suka ucap Goodbye, So long etc jerrrr......